https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2244 2026-09-21T22:57:01Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6752 Título: Uso corporativo do território por serviços de saúde e seus reflexos na pandemia de Covid-19 na região geográfica imediata de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil Abstact: This research aims to understand the corporate use of territory by health services in the Immediate Geographic Region of Imperatriz (RGII) and its effects during the Covid-19 pandemic. From this perspective, the study is based on the analysis of the distribution of medical-hospital services under the logic of territorial selectivity, the dynamics of patient mobility in search of care, and the spread of Covid-19 as a phenomenon that reveals and deepens pre-existing inequalities in the regional provision of healthcare. The temporal scope of the research encompasses the pandemic period from 2020 to 2022. The spatial scope is the RGII, as defined by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017, based on the functional centrality exercised by Imperatriz over the municipalities that comprise this regional unit. Methodologically, the research unfolded in two interrelated stages, a theoretical stage, focused on bibliographic review and conceptual construction, and a technical-analytical stage, dedicated to the systematization and interpretation of secondary data from official sources. The theoretical foundation drew on key authors for a critical understanding of territory and its selective uses, such as Milton Santos (1996), Maria Laura Silveira (2011), Rogério Haesbaert (2007a), Claude Raffestin (1993), Marcelo Lopes de Souza (2008), Lucas Labigalini Fuini (2017), David Harvey (2005b), among others. The empirical analysis was based on data from DataSUS, CNES, ANS, SIOPS, IBGE, as well as from the AMS/2005 survey and the Health Statistics report (2009). The results indicate that the selective distribution of resources, equipment, professionals, and health infrastructure intensifies compulsory patient mobility flows, exposing the fissures and contradictions in the regionalization of Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS), as well as in the role of the State in organizing and ensuring the right to health especially in territories where service provision remains subordinated to centralizing and unequal logics. This configuration reinforces regional asymmetries in access to medium- and high-complexity services, while deepening the dependence of peripheral areas on the regional center. Such centralization reveals not only the fragility of SUS regionalization but also the inadequacy of public infrastructure in responding equitably to public health crises, resulting in continuous and unequal displacements of populations in search of care. 2025-08-18T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6681 Título: Desigualdades socioespaciais e acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde em São Luís: uma análise no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 Abstact: The present research aims to analyze the Spatial Accessibility to Health Services considering the social, economic, and environmental indicators of the municipality of São Luís amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The selection of São Luís was motivated by the difficulty in accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the access of the population to public health services during the pandemic was investigated, considering the context of this global health crisis. To conduct the research, the approach of technopathogenic complexes developed by Max Sorre and Milton Santos was adopted, and the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (E2SFCA) Method was used as a spatialization technique to understand the spatial accessibility to health services (AES). Additionally, data from the COVID-19 pandemic, social, economic, and environmental indicators of São Luís, as well as specialized bibliographic references on the subject, were used. The results obtained highlight that the unplanned urbanization in São Luís created peripheral regions with insufficient infrastructure, resulting in an unequal distribution of health services. Socioeconomic disparities left vulnerable neighborhoods with greater difficulty in accessing these services. The precariousness of urban infrastructure, especially the lack of access to basic services, increased the risk of diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted and exacerbated these inequalities, emphasizing the need for public policies for a more equitable distribution of health resources. Through the implementation of effective public policies and the strengthening of collaboration between different sectors, it is essential to implement new policies and strengthen existing ones to improve accessibility to health services, contributing to the reduction of health inequalities in the municipality of São Luís 2024-08-20T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6577 Título: Economia de fronteira e a territorialização do capital agroflorestal em municípios da região geográfica imediata de Acailândia, Maranhão, Brasil Abstact: The implementation of eucalyptus forestry in Maranhão and, consequently, in the Immediate Geographic Region of Açailândia, is directly related to the Grande Carajás Project (PGC), initiated by the then Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) in the 1980s. This project, along with the creation of the Carajás Railroad (EFC), which connects Parauapebas, Pará, to the Itaqui Port, in São Luís, Maranhão, stimulated projects to produce pig iron in Açailândia, where eucalyptus was used as an energy input. However, it was in 2008, with the formalization of the Suzano Pulp and Paper industry, located in Imperatriz, Maranhão, that the eucalyptus areas in the region assumed large proportions, becoming the main raw material for pulp production. Thus, the general objective of this research is to understand the process of territorialization of agroforestry capital on land use in eucalyptus producing municipalities in the Immediate Geographic Region of Açailândia. Methodologically, it uses as spatial cut the Immediate Geographic Region of Açailândia, located in the western portion of the state of Maranhão. The research in question is structured in two stages. The first corresponds to the bibliographical research and the theoretical foundation, using authors such as Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, Bertha Becker and David Harvey. In addition, it systematizes and analyzes secondary data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Brazilian Tree Industry (IBÁ) and Ministry of Development, Industry, Commerce and Services (MDIC). The second stage, in addition to the literature review, includes the systematization of primary data obtained in field studies in eucalyptus producing farms and nearby communities. It also analyzes secondary data from sources such as the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), IBGE, IBÁ, MDIC and Suzano Pulp and Paper. The results indicate that the territorialization of the agroforestry capital of eucalyptus in the Immediate Geographic Region of Açailândia has transformed the agrarian space, and this is reflected not only in changes in the vegetation cover of vast areas altered by monocultures, but also affects traditional aspects of the field, such as land uses related to traditional agricultural practices in the region, in addition to aggravating the process of land concentration on the site 2024-03-04T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6527 Título: Pensar a paisagem, fazer roteiro turístico: pelos caminhos do Bairro do Desterro, Centro Histórico de São Luís-MA Abstact: La géographie, le tourisme et le paysage constituent les notions centrales de cette recherche, basée sur une approche culturelle, avec le Quartier Desterro situé dans le Centre Historique de São Luís do Maranhão (CHSL) comme zone d'étude. L’objectif général est de reconnaître les problèmes impliqués dans le quartier face aux processus historiques qui façonnent ses spatialités et ses temporalités. La méthodologie repose sur une recherche bibliographique et une discussion théorique réalisées à l’interface entre la géographie et le tourisme, et basées sur une approche culturelle, qui prend en compte des concepts fondamentaux dans cette analyse, tels que les paysages et le patrimoine culturel, les itinéraires touristiques et le tourisme et le paysage. Le Quartier Desterro est contextualisé historiquement depuis le processus de formation de la capitale du Maranhão, son processus de patrimonialisation et les transformations du paysage, parmi lesquelles le remplissage de la rivière Bacanga. Les paysages du Quartier Desterro ont été étudiés, soulignant leur pertinence historique et géographique, en tant que paysage culturel. Dans ce processus, plusieurs incursions ont été menées dans le Quartier. Des résidents et des travailleurs de Desterro ont été interviewés, ainsi que des guides de tourisme et des agents de voyages travaillant au CHSL. La route touristique Caminhos do Desterro a été proposée. L'intention est de développer un itinéraire qui révèle la diversité patrimoniale du paysage du quartier. En guise d'exercice pratique, une visite du quartier a été réalisée avec des élèves du cours de Géographie de l’Université de l’État du Maranhão. L'expérience nous a permis d'affirmer la richesse du paysage, de la culture, de l'histoire et du patrimoine de Desterro, mais aussi les lacunes telles que le manque d'investissements à travers des politiques de préservation, d’habitation et d'infrastructures, offrant ainsi au tourisme la possibilité de développer un regard innovant et créatif sur le quartier. Enfin, nous pouvons conclure qu'il est possible de percevoir, à travers ces processus historiques du Quartier Desterro, la dynamique de la formation de ses paysages à partir des éléments nécessaires à l'élaboration d'un itinéraire touristique. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z