https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2176 2026-07-10T07:30:44Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6246 Título: Caracterização da suinocultura da Grande Ilha do Amor Abstact: Pig farming has socioeconomic relevance for family agriculture; however, in the Grande Ilha do Maranhão, the activity is still characterized by a low level of technification and limited technical assistance. This study aimed to characterize pig farming in the Grande Ilha do Maranhão, covering the municipalities of São Luís, São José de Ribamar, Paço do Lumiar, and Raposa, analyzing socioeconomic, structural, productive, sanitary, and marketing aspects. This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, conducted between March and December 2025, involving 38 pig farmers through the application of structured questionnaires and on-site observations. The results showed a predominance of male producers (76.3%), aged between 36 and 55 years (71%), with a low level of schooling and predominant use of family labor (84.2%). The intensive production system was adopted by 100% of the producers, with predominance of the complete production cycle (86.8%). Reproduction occurs exclusively through natural mating, with absence of zootechnical control in 85.3% of the properties. Regarding feeding management, 73.7% use only feed, and 81.6% produce their own feed, with low adoption of phase-feeding diets. Biosecurity practices are limited, and 89.5% of the producers do not receive technical assistance. Marketing occurs mostly in an informal manner, with the sale of live animals to middlemen. It is concluded that pig farming in the Grande Ilha do Maranhão has productive potential; however, it requires technical assistance, modernization of management practices, and structuring of formal marketing channels 2026-01-08T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6242 Título: Avaliação da relação entre níveis de ração escore corporal sobre desempenho reprodutivo de matrizes suínas Abstact: The reproductive efficiency of sow herds is one of the main determinants of productivity in swine production and represents an activity of great economic relevance in the state of Maranhão, especially on the island of São Luís, where family-based production systems predominate. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between different feed levels and body condition score (BCS) on the reproductive performance of sows in natural mating systems on family farms in the rural area of São 10 Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The experiment was conducted on a swine farm with an average herd of 36 crossbred sows (Landrace × Large White), arranged in a 2×2×3 factorial design (two feed levels, two body condition scores, and three parity orders), with three replications. Body condition score was assessed using visual and tactile methods with the aid of a caliper at different stages of the productive cycle. Reproductive parameters evaluated included the number of piglets born alive, stillborn, and mummified. Data were subjected to normality analysis, ANOVA, and Tukey’s test. The results showed no significant differences among treatments and body condition scores. However, sows with body condition scores within the range considered ideal tended to present a higher number of piglets born alive and lower reproductive losses, regardless of the feeding treatment. It is concluded that although a slight reduction in the mean number of stillborn and mummified piglets was observed, unsatisfactory reproductive performance rarely has a single cause, being the result of multifactorial origins, which makes its diagnosis unstable and highlights the need for stricter experimental control of variables. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6240 Título: Avaliação do manejo pré-abate de bovinos em um abatedouro frigorífico no município de São Luís-MA Abstact: Animal welfare in the pre-slaughter stage is fundamental for meat quality and alignment with the increasing ethical demands of the consumer market. This study aimed to evaluate the pre-slaughter handling of cattle at a slaughterhouse in the municipality of São Luís - MA, verifying the adherence to good animal welfare practices. An observational, quantitative, and descriptive study was conducted with 50 animals to assess animal handling and the structural conditions of the facilities, using animal welfare indicators (falls, shouting, vocalization, electric shocks, hitting with sticks, gate strikes, and the number and location of captive bolt shots) in the stunning box and different compartments of the holding pens. Data were analyzed using percentages (%). The results revealed irregularities in both infrastructure and handling. The use of electric prods was excessive, particularly in the drafting pen (59.80%) and the Central alley (34.31%). Shouting was more frequent in the central alley (34.11%) and resting pens (30.23%), while vocalizations had a high incidence in the drafting pen and forcing pen (44.44%). Furthermore, acts of intentional abuse, such as hitting with sticks, were predominant in the resting pens (41.67%) and the central alley (27.78%), and gate strikes were equally divided between the drafting pen and the central alley (50% each). Analysis of the efficiency of the penetrating captive bolt pistol showed that 70.59% of the animals were stunned with a single shot, while 29.41% required more than two shots, additionally, 58.82% of the shots were correctly placed, and 41.18% were misplaced. In conclusion, urgent corrective actions are required, including the structural readjustment of facilities, implementation of handling practices that promote animal welfare, and continuous staff training to ensure regulatory compliance and the excellence of the Maranhão product. 2025-12-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6230 Título: Diagnóstico bioclimático para criação de caprinos no município de Bareirinhas- MA Abstact: The objective was to conduct a bioclimatic diagnosis of goat farming in the municipality of Barreirinhas–MA based on the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI), evaluating the influence of air temperature and humidity on the thermal comfort of the animals. The research used climatological data from the period 1991 to 2021, obtained from the Climate Data platform, considering the variables average, minimum, maximum temperature and relative air humidity. From these data, the Temperature-Humidity Index was calculated, an indicator of the level of thermal stress in goats. The results showed that the average annual temperatures 26–28 °C remain within the thermal comfort range 20–30 °C for adult goats, providing specific conditions for the physiological balance of the species; however, maximum temperatures of 32 °C, combined with high relative air humidity 67–83%, characterize critical periods of thermal discomfort, especially between August and November, when the THI reaches values above 82, posing a risk of moderate to intense stress. In this context, it is concluded that, although the climate of Barreirinhas provides comfortable nighttime conditions, daytime temperature peaks occur that disable management strategies aimed at preventing production losses. Therefore, among the recommended measures are: natural or artificial shading, efficient ventilation in shelters, a constant supply of fresh water, nutritional adjustments during critical periods, and the use of breeds adapted to the humid tropical climate. 2025-12-17T00:00:00Z