https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2054 2026-04-13T10:56:42Z 2026-04-13T10:56:42Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5756 2026-01-19T11:58:37Z 2023-01-12T00:00:00Z

Título: A importância da identificação dos Basidiomicetos para o equilíbrio ecológico da região da Mata dos Cocais localizado no entorno do município de Bom Lugar –MA Abstact: Fungi are one of the main decomposers and responsible for the cycle of matter, and may highlight its great importance in pulp cycling, beingthe main component of the cell wall of vegetables. Among these fungi, the project under study focused on the Basidiomycota phylum, which is the only one that presents a fruiting body, with multicellular representatives, eukaryotes, organized in mycelia with thousands of hyphae, whose functions are diversified, where, in addition to their importance in the cycling of matter, extends to several others, such as: economic, biotechnological and medicinal. The Basidiomycota are also known as basidiomycetes and are fundamental to the balance of the ecosystem, contributing to the decomposition of organic matter, ensuring an abundant biomass and the return of nutrients to the soil; in addition, some mycelia have associations with plants, helping them to absorb nutrients, maintain carbon and nitrogen cycles, and degrade various pollutants. Currently being widely studied in this area as bioremediators. This work presents a survey of this phylum carried out in the regions of cocais, more precisely in the localities of the municipality of Bom Lugar - MA. In addition, a bibliographic survey was carried out related to morphology, habitat, in addition to photographic records of the species found, whose objective was to carry out the identification of the species found of basidiomycetes and describe their ecological role for the mycobiota of these fields of investigation, with collection of photographs of the species in loco. Thus, we obtained a total of 21 families, 24 genera and 33 species found. These data are extremely relevant, since there is, to date, no information on the biodiversity of this group of fungi in these locations.

2023-01-12T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5743 2026-01-15T21:31:58Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Estudo literário etnobotânico de plantas hipoglicemiantes utilizadas como terapia complementar no tratamento do diabetes mellitus Abstact: Diabetes Mellitus is a pathology that is characterized as a metabolic disorder related to a deficiency in the synthesis and production of insulin. Factors by which blood glucose levels rise considerably beyond normal causing hyperglycemia. Among the most common types of diabetes present in the population today, Diabetes Mellitus type 1 and 2 stands out. Which can be triggered by the influence of genetic, nutritional and environmental factors. The use of medicinal plants in the complementary treatment of Diabetes Mellitus is a recurring practice and has been increasingly intensified, since they have in their composition agents related to hypoglycemic action, such as bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, in addition to the antioxidant action, which perform antidiabetic activities capable of regulating and improving the performance of the patient's organism. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out a literary ethnobotanical survey of plants with hypoglycemic effect used as complementary therapy in the treatment and control of Diabetes Mellitus, through an integrative literature review. To carry out the research, an integrative literature review was used as a methodology. Where searches were carried out for publications in databases such as: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PUBMED and Google Scholar. For better accuracy of the results, descriptors such as Diabetes Mellitus, hypoglycemic effect, ethnobotany, as well as the use of the Boolean operator AND, were applied in the period from 2018 to 2022. The database that most presented studies of interest was Google Academic where the 11 studies selected for data collection started from the respective platform, all in Portuguese. Thirty-eight species of plants used in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus were mentioned, with the most cited species being Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicholson & C. E. Jarvis, Bauhinia forficata L and Annona muricata. Which have been shown to have hypoglycemic effects capable of lowering blood glucose levels as well as antioxidant action. Although many studies prove the efficacy of species with hypoglycemic effects and their activities prove to be promising in controlling the effects of the disease, further research is still necessary, such as clinical studies that evaluate the interaction of its various constituents, especially when these plants are used in parallel with other drugs. So that it is possible to draw up strategies that improve and offer safety to patients in the treatment.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5742 2026-01-15T21:07:56Z 2023-01-13T00:00:00Z

Título: Composição florística, fitossociologia e diversidade de plantas daninhas no cultivo do coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.) nos municípios de Bacabal e São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão, estado do Maranhão. Abstact: Weeds compete with coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) for water, nutrients, space, and solar radiation, causing drastic drops in production. In addition, many species have allelopathic mechanisms that affect the germination and growth of other species associated with them. However, little is known about the weed species that occur in cilantro cultivation in Maranhão, therefore, knowledge about floristic composition, phytosociology and diversity of weed communities that occur in cilantro cultivation is crucial to support farmers in the application of control methods. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the floristic composition, analyze the phytosociology and calculate the floristic diversity of the weed communities that occur in four areas, two of them in vegetable production centers, Areal and Catucá, located in the municipality of Bacabal, and two in family vegetable gardens, in the rural communities of Centro da Josina and Coheb, located in the municipality of São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão, both municipalities belonging to the microregion of Médio Mearim, state of Maranhão. The survey of species was carried out by the inventory frame method, with 30 collections in each crop area, totaling 120 weed samples throughout the study. The phytosociological parameters evaluated were the absolute and relative values of density, frequency and abundance, besides the value of importance of each species. Floristic diversity was assessed by calculating the Shannon Diversity Index (H'). A total of 6,727 individuals were recorded, distributed among 54 species and 24 families. The three families with the highest species richness were Poaceae (n = 7), Asteraceae (n = 6) and Fabaceae (n = 5). In Areal we found 29 weed species, in Catucá there were also 29, in Centro da Josina, 27 and in Coheb, 32 species. Based on the value of importance, the species that stood out were Portulaca oleracea, Cyperus iria and Eleusine indica in Areal, Cyperus iria, Eleusine indica and Synedrella nodiflora in Catucá, Phyllanthus niruri, Amaranthus lividus and Ludwigia octovalvis in Centro da Josina, and Phyllanthus niruri, Hedyotis corymbosa and Eleusine indica in Coheb. These species require more attention when proposing control methods. The Catucá Production Pole showed the highest floristic diversity (H' = 2.48 nats ind-1).

2023-01-13T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5741 2026-01-15T20:39:52Z 2023-01-13T00:00:00Z

Título: Levantamento etnobotânico e caracterização fitogeográfica de espécies silvestres utilizadas na medicina tradicional na zona rural do município de São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão-MA Abstact: The use of medicinal plants is a very common practice in Maranhão. Evidenced by several ethnobotanical studies. Mostly, the inclusion criterion on the part of the research is based on the choice of cultivated plants however the number of researches aiming to describe the use of wild plants, found freely in anthropized areas or not, growing and reproducing without human interference is scarce. This wild flora is quite evident in the state when analyzing the phytogeographic domains, which consolidate the diversification of the vegetal dynamics in the Maranhão territory, which define specific morphoclimatic characteristics for each mesoregion, microregion, and consequently, each municipality inserted in it, as is the case of São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão. Therefore, in the present study, we sought to align data referring to two approaches: ethnobotanical survey and phytogeographic characterization, the having as object of study wild medicinal plants, used by the rural population of Gonzaga. The social and demographic data of the 90 interviewees showed a significant predominance of females in the research in the adult age group, with education limited to lower elementary school and with an income of less than one minimum wage. With regard to knowledge, it was categorized as traditional, in which the leaves were the most used parts, mostly in the form of tea preparation, indicated for common ailments, such as inflammation and the flu. The context in which the main plants inserted in the region evidenced the use of 19 species used, belonging to 19 genera and encompassed in 14 families. The chanana (Turnera subulata Sm.), brush-of-the-mush (Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC.) and stonebreaker (Phyllanthus niruri L.), were plants highlighted as the most cited in the sample area of the three villages. These three species have similar autoecological characteristics with habit, biological spectrum, in addition to having a pantropical biogeographical distribution.

2023-01-13T00:00:00Z