O paradoxo da margem equatorial: desafios jurídicos e ambientais da exploração petrolífera na Amazônia Brasileira

Abstract

The Amazon region, rich in biodiversity and essential for global climate regulation, has been the target of growing interest in oil exploration, particularly in the Brazilian Equatorial Margin. This activity poses significant challenges to the balance between economic development and socio-environmental protection, especially given the fragility of ecosystems and the presence of indigenous peoples and traditional communities. This article analyzes the main impacts of oil exploration in the Amazon in light of Brazilian environmental legislation, identifying regulatory gaps, enforcement difficulties, and social conflicts arising from the activity. The research highlights the urgency of more effective legal mechanisms capable of ensuring the sustainability of the region and respect for the constitutional rights of local populations