Percepção dos estudantes sobre a importância da iniciação científica e atividades de pesquisa no curso de Ciências Biológicas

Abstract

Scientific Initiation plays a fundamental role in the academic and professional development of undergraduate students by fostering critical thinking, methodological skills, and the integration of theory and practice. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of Biological Sciences students regarding the importance of Scientific Initiation and research activities, as well as to identify factors influencing their participation throughout their undergraduate education. This descriptive and exploratory study adopted a quantitative approach and involved 105 students regularly enrolled in Biological Sciences programs at the State University of Maranhão (UEMA), from different campuses, with a predominance of participants from the Bacabal Campus. Data were collected between January and February 2026 through a structured questionnaire administered via Google Forms. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including absolute and relative frequencies, while responses to open-ended questions were examined through content analysis. The findings revealed that most students recognize the importance of Scientific Initiation for academic development, the acquisition of scientific skills, and motivation to pursue graduate studies. However, effective participation in research projects remained limited despite the high level of student interest. The main barriers identified included the limited availability of research positions, lack of information, difficulties in balancing academic responsibilities, and insufficient financial support. It is concluded that Scientific Initiation is widely recognized as an essential component of Biological Sciences education; nevertheless, greater institutional investment is needed to expand access, strengthen incentives, and increase student participation in research activities.