Análise comparativa da biologia reprodutiva de Mugil curema (Mugilidae: Mugiliformes) aplicada aos estoques da Região Costeira do Nordeste Brasileiro

Abstract

The present study carried out a systemic analysis that provided greater knowledge about the reproductive biology of Mugil curema occurring in the Amazon coastal region of Brazil, as a means of subsidizing fisheries management measures for this species. For this study, five electronic databases were used to collect data on articles published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, from 2000 to 2020. After extracting information, article characteristics were imported into Excel software and studies duplicates were excluded. Allied to this, organisms were collected monthly from January to December 2021, from commercial fishing carried out in the municipality of Raposa, a region where the activity is practiced in large volume in the State of Maranhão. Once the specimens were collected, they were taken to the laboratory, where all the processing of the biological material was carried out. After that, the fish were classified according to sex and maturation stage through macroscopic observation of gonadal development according to a scale: A- immature individual; B- in maturation; C- able to spawn; D- spawned; E-rest. Analyzes of weight and length ratio, length and weight classes, variation of gonad maturation stages, meta-analysis, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were performed. As main results, we have that the total length of the species for the year 2021 ranged from 15 to 33 cm. The highest frequency found was in the classes between 21 Ͱ 24 and 18 Ͱ 21 cm, while the variation in total weight was from 6.1 to 105.46 g. In this study, females were larger and heavier than males. The spawning peaks occurring at the end and beginning of each semester, evaluated both for the Northeast region and for the Amazon coastal region of Maranhão, indicate that M. curema, thus presenting a long reproductive period, length of early gonadal maturation, and split spawning, is typically what is considered a sort of opportunistic strategist (r) type.