Micropropagação de abacaxizeiro var. Turiaçu em biorreatores de imersão temporária sob diferentes intensidades de luz e concentrações de sacarose.

Abstract

The pineapple ‘Turiaçu’ is native to the Amazon region of Maranhão, is in the process of domestication and its propagation occurs by traditional methods in the field. Micropropagation using temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB) through photomixotrophic and photoautotrophic cultivation appears as a viable alternative for the production of thousands of pineapple seedlings in a short period of time and physical space. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the development of pineapple plants ‘Turiaçu’ under the use of temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB) with different light intensities (71 µmol m-2 s-1 and 116 µmol m-2 s-1) and sucrose concentrations (0 and 15 g L-1). After 50 days of in vitro cultivation, the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and physiological parameters were evaluated, as well as the anatomical characterization of the leaves. Our results clearly demonstrated that photomixotrophic cultivation with 15 g L-1 of sucrose boosted plant growth and development, regardless of light intensity. In all combinations of sucrose and irradiance, the leaves showed marked differentiation between the aquifer and chlorophyll parenchyma. We conclude that the combination of 15 g L-1 of sucrose and 71 µmol m-2 s-1 of light intensity is the most suitable for micropropagation, as it gave the pineapple ‘Turiaçu’ plants greater morphological, physiological and anatomical quality and boosted plant growth and development