Moradia precária em prédios históricos no bairro da Praia Grande: análise das condições de moradia em ocupações e cortiços na Rua 14 de Julho

Abstract

The presente study discusses the issue of housing in the city, focusing primarily on precarious living conditions in historical buildings in the Praia Grande district, specifically on 14 de Julho street, whether due to the occupation of abandoned buildings or slums. To adress this, we examine the city’s urban development and the reasos that lead people to inhabits constructions in alarmin conditions in the downtown area, the struggle for dignified houses, and how the state responds to this situation. In this way, the methdology involves a qualitive bibliographic review on the origins of housing and its role within the rights to the city, undestanding its importance and significance. Additionally, it was necessary to study the history of São Luís, particularly its urban development and habitation, as well the process of abandonment of the Historic Center and how the architectural ensemble deteriorated to the point of leading to these occupations and slums. Only then, through quantitative and empiric research, gathered information about the buildins and residents in the defined area, collecting data on their history, patterns of occupation and current condition, including typological data and floor plans. Field research, including interviews, is also necessary to investigate the stories of the residents, their living conditions, and the motivations that lead them to live in these buildings.