Condicionantes e impactos da mobilidade urbana para pedestres em São João do Sóter-MA

Abstract

Pedestrian urban mobility is an essential element for the organization and functioning of cities, being directly related to population access to basic services, social inclusion, and urban quality of life. In small municipalities, walking plays a central role in daily urban dynamics, especially in contexts where urban infrastructure is limited and formal public transportation is absent. In such settings, sidewalk conditions, signage, pavement quality, and accessibility become decisive factors for pedestrian safety and autonomy. In this context, this undergraduate thesis aims to analyze the conditioning factors and impacts of pedestrian urban mobility in the central area of the municipality of São João do Sóter–MA, with emphasis on accessibility, road infrastructure, and the obstacles faced by users of urban space, especially the elderly, children, and people with disabilities. The study adopted a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, integrating bibliographic review, field observation, photographic records, interviews, questionnaires, and spatial analysis of streets and sidewalks. The results revealed significant deficiencies in urban infrastructure, such as irregular or nonexistent sidewalks, deteriorated pavement, inadequate drainage, insufficient or faded signage, and frequent conflicts between pedestrians and motorized vehicles. The analyses, including the photographic mosaic of the study area, demonstrated noncompliance with parameters established by ABNT Standard NBR 9050:2015, the National Urban Mobility Policy (Federal Law No. 12,587/2012), and the Brazilian Law for the Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (Federal Law No. 13,146/2015). It is concluded that pedestrian urban mobility in São João do Sóter–MA is conditioned by structural and administrative factors that compromise accessibility and safety, requiring public actions focused on integrated urban planning, universal accessibility, and the promotion of spatial justice