Fontes de energia limpa: uma análise dos fenômenos físicos e das potencialidades da energia solar, eólica e do hidrogênio verde

Abstract

This study addresses clean energy sources, with emphasis on solar energy, wind energy, and green hydrogen. The main objective is to understand the physical principles that enable energy generation from these resources and to discuss their relevance in the context of the energy transition and the search for sustainable solutions. The research will be developed through a literature review, covering physical concepts related to the photoelectric effect, the conversion of wind kinetic energy into electricity, and the electrolysis processes used to obtain hydrogen. The study aims to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of these technologies compared to traditional sources, highlighting their contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and diversifying the energy matrix. Clean energy sources stand out as essential alternatives to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and minimize environmental impacts. Solar energy harnesses the Sun’s radiation, which can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic panels or used for heating in thermal systems. Wind energy exploits the force of the wind to drive turbines connected to generators, transforming the kinetic energy of the air into electricity sustainably. Green hydrogen is obtained through the electrolysis of water using renewable sources, resulting in a clean fuel that releases only water vapor when used. These alternatives, in addition to being renewable and abundant, represent promising paths for energy diversification and for addressing climate change