Análise da presença de Prevotella em câncer cervical e câncer de cabeça e pescoço: uma revisão sistemática da literatura e análise in silico

Abstract

Cervical cancer (CC) and head and neck cancer (HNC) represent a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries, and are frequently associated with infection by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). In addition to the viral etiology, recent evidence has pointed to the involvement of the microbiome, particularly bacteria of the genus Prevotella, in the progression of these neoplasms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the presence and potential role of Prevotella in CC and HNC through a systematic literature review and in silico approaches. The methodology involved searching the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. After screening 609 studies, six observational articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were organized into tables and evaluated for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. Additionally, in silico analyses were performed to assess Prevotella abundance and differentially expressed genes in HNC samples. The results show that Prevotella is primarily associated with microbial dysbiosis, HPV persistence, and inflammation in both cancers. The in silico analysis revealed a significant difference in Prevotella abundance between the tumor and adjacent tissue groups (p < 2.2e-16) and identified 1,416 altered genes shared between CC and HNC. Among these, three genes (LAMP3, ISG15, and IL6) showed a direct relationship with the presence of the bacterium, being involved in inflammatory pathways and immune evasion. These findings highlight the potential influence of Prevotella in tumor epithelial microenvironments, contributing to the progression of both CC and H