Lesões de reabsorção dentária em animais domésticos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Tooth resorptive lesions (DRLs) are known as the most common dental disease in felines, also known as feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions. Although extensive research has been conducted on DLRs and these alterations are widely reported in veterinary medicine, the mechanism of this disease has not yet been fully elucidated. Elucidating the peculiarities of periodontal disease caused by DLRs may be crucial for implementing strategic measures for both prevention and effective treatment. To search the scientific literature for information on DLRs in domestic animals over the past 31 years, clinical studies were searched in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs, NCBI, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Scielo. Bibliographies were searched under the central theme of the project: "studies on tooth resorption in small animals." The selection of articles was based on the inclusion criteria previously defined by two reviewers and the objective of this study, disregarding those that, despite appearing in the search lists, addressed the topic according to the exclusion criteria. Thirty-eight articles were found in the databases, including articles on canine (7 articles), feline (30 articles), and equine (1 article). A significant trend of publications in a specific scientific journal was identified. The years with the highest number of published articles were 2002, 2009, and 2010, all with four articles. Of the 38 articles studied, 5 (13.1%) were submitted to A1 journals; 5 (13.1%) were published in A2 journals; 2 (5.2%) were published in A3 journals; 14 (36.8%) were published in B1 journals; and 12 (31.5%) were published in B2 journals. Therefore, it can be inferred that the mechanisms of the disease, as well as its true origin, are still unclear. A good and detailed clinical and radiographic examination are key to diagnosing this disease, as without them, early-stage lesions are very unlikely to be visible to the naked eye, thus reducing the patient's prognosis. Research aimed at understanding the causes that can clarify the development and/or progression of the disease, and thus intervene with appropriate treatment, should be encouraged among veterinarians specializing in dentistry. Studies focused on other domestic species need greater focus, since database searches reveal a greater number of published works on felines, and few Brazilian authors have addressed the topic in the literature. This can serve as a starting point for developing new studies on the subject.