O impacto da psicomotricidade no tratamento de crianças autistas

Abstract

This study addresses psychomotricity as an essential pedagogical and therapeutic tool in the holistic development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) within the context of early childhood education. Considering the complexity of the needs of students with ASD, the research seeks to understand the importance of psychomotricity in enhancing these children’s motor, cognitive, and social skills. The qualitative and exploratory methodology was based on a bibliographic review, using articles published between 2019 and 2024, accessed via the Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Data analysis was directed by keywords combined using the Boolean operator "AND" for greater precision. The theoretical framework explores the history and foundations of psychomotricity, as well as the specific characteristics of ASD, highlighting the impact of this practice on the holistic development and educational inclusion of autistic children. Results indicate that psychomotricity offers significant improvements in the motor and social skills of children with ASD, with progress in motor coordination, balance, socialization, and emotional engagement. Reviewed studies show that practices such as movement circuits, guided play, and the use of technological tools for communication expand social repertoires and interaction with peers, promoting school and social integration for these children. The inclusion of psychomotor activities also stands out as a facilitator in the literacy process, as it strengthens essential motor skills such as fine motor control and spatial organization. It concludes that psychomotricity, as a therapeutic strategy integrated with other approaches, optimizes the development of children with ASD, balancing motor, cognitive, and social progress. Teacher and therapist training is essential for effectively implementing these interventions and promoting an inclusive school environment. Thus, when implemented intentionally, psychomotricity contributes to creating a more equitable and accessible education for children with ASD, fostering their holistic development and quality of life.