História, cinema e questão agrária: O conflito do povoado Aldeia (1985-1988) à luz do documentário Em Busca do Bem Viver e sua aplicação em sala de aula.

Abstract

The present research aims to analyze the cases of land conflicts involving peasants and farmers, notably, the disputes in the municipality of Bacabal, in particular, the one that occurred in the village of Aldeia (1985-1988), from the filmic work Em busca do Bem Viver, by the filmmaker Murilo Santos. In addition to outlining the national and Maranhão agrarian question, it seeks to discuss the possibilities of using audiovisual in the teaching of History. Reflecting on the relationship between History and Cinema implies affirming that cinematographic works have not always had the status of historical document. It was only after the historiographical operation carried out by Marc Ferro that cinema began to be seen as a source of research. In addition, the production in question is based on the 12th State Pilgrimage of Waters and Lands, held in the city of Chapadinha -MA, 2015, to take stock of the main cases of (mis)encounter of distinct temporalities that place on opposite spectrums indigenous, peasants, quilombolas, riverside dwellers, coconut breakers, etc., against farmers, land grabbers and entrepreneurs of mega-enterprises. For the undertaking of the research, we associated the reading and bibliographic discussion about the relationship between History and Cinema, as well as about agrarian issues and their developments. In addition, we analyzed the data provided by the Conflicts in the Countryside sections, produced by the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT), as well as news from the main newspapers in Maranhão.