Literatura maranhense do século XIX: uma abordagem histórico-literária em sala de aula através da obra 'Úrsula', de Maria Firmina dos Reis, com estudantes da educação de jovens e adultos (EJA) da Escola Municipal José Miranda Braz

Abstract

This work presents a project applied in the classroom with students of Youth and Adult Education (EJA) that uses the work "Úrsula" by Maria Firmina dos Reis to explore the struggle of women in literature and society, in addition to analyzing persistent gender and race inequalities in the historical context. This study is fundamental because it can broaden students' understanding of the complexities of female and racial identity in colonial Brazil, promoting a critical reflection on how these historical issues still influence contemporary society. By addressing the intersections between gender and race, students can develop a deeper insight into current challenges and struggles, contributing to a more conscious debate about equality and social justice. The research was based on authors such as Botelho (2019), Lacroix (2008), who analyze the historicity of Maranhão and the creation of the "Brazilian Athens", and Lerner (2021-2022), Gomes (2022), Bourdieu (2022) and Woolf (2018), who discuss gender issues and women's struggles throughout history in the social, educational and literary fields. The methodology included interviews and questionnaires via Google Forms, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The data collected not only corroborate the concepts studied, but also deepen the understanding of the role of women in the patriarchal society of the nineteenth century and the challenges faced by them as writers.