Risco de complicações para a mãe com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus represents a chronic disease with significant impacts on public health and with high morbidity, a high degree of disability, premature mortality, and costly public costs resulting from its treatment and complications. According to the Brazilian Diabetes Society, the estimate of people with diabetes in the Brazilian population is 20 million people. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a highly prevalent problem in the world, occurring in pregnant women who are unable to increase insulin production to neutralize insulin resistance produced by hormones during pregnancy. Adequate follow-up and effective management of gestational diabetes mellitus are essential to minimize the associated risks and promote a positive outcome. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal health. This is a narrative review of the literature, which is considered appropriate for the description and discussion of the development or the "State of the Art" of a given subject. The selection of the material occurred through the search of scientific studies in electronic databases of public access, namely: Latin American and Caribbean Literature (LILACS); Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo); Virtual Health Library/Nursing Database (VHL/BDENF). A total of 107 publications were identified, of which only 14 studies were chosen according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study presented extensive studies that address the epidemiological issues of the disease, describing the high prevalence among pregnant women, the number of complications related to recurrent urinary infections, periodontal problems, lower gestational age at the time of delivery and a higher number of cesarean sections. The present study was essential to expand knowledge about GDM during pregnancy with updated scientific literature and can contribute to improving knowledge about the disease, to qualify the professional practice of Nursing.