Violência obstétrica relacionada às mulheres em situação de aborto: uma revisão integrativa de literatura

Abstract

Obstetric violence is a form of gender-based violence that affects women during pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, and abortion. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to the occurrence of obstetric violence, specifically in women who underwent abortion, the resulting physical and psychological impacts, and strategies for its prevention. This is an integrative literature review conducted through research in the databases PubMed, LILACS, BIREME, and Google Scholar, using the Health Descriptors (DeCS): <Obstetric Violence= AND <Abortion.= Articles published between 2019 and 2024, available in full text, in Portuguese and English, addressing the involved themes were included. The findings showed that obstetric violence remains prevalent in healthcare services, characterized by negligence, psychological abuse, and other abusive practices. Women undergoing abortion face significant discrimination, influenced by religious and moral judgments from healthcare professionals. Additionally, the lack of trained professionals and the absence of specific protocols contribute to the perpetuation of this type of violence. The consequences range from physical complications to psychological harm. The implementation of public policies aimed at the humanization of care and professional training is essential to ensure quality healthcare. Raising women’s awareness of their rights is also crucial in combating obstetric violence and promoting humanized care practices.