Espaço Tento: abordagens humanizadas para Centro de Saúde Mental em São Luís do Maranhão

Abstract

The work aims to propose an architectural project for a Mental Health Center in São Luís, Maranhão, based on the principles of neuroarchitecture and its benefits. This research, which has an explanatory nature and qualitative approach, seeks to understand the historical, causal, and variable relationships involved in creating environments like this, exploring the experiences and meanings of the designed space. The project is developed and divided into two phases: the first is dedicated to building the theoretical framework, with documentary analysis and literature review in the fields of psychology and architecture; the second is focused on the architectural proposal, organized into three stages. The second phase includes a preliminary study, development of the preliminary design, and visualization of the project through modeling and rendering. Institutions dedicated to treating mental disorders were initially designed to segregate patients, both from society and among themselves, facilitating control by professionals, as in the case of the D. Pedro II Asylum, which separated patients by status and level of agitation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, anti-asylum movements began to rethink this approach, seeking to reintegrate patients into society and treat them in a truly humane manner. Figures like Franco Basaglia and Nise da Silveira contributed to this shift, promoting respect for patients' rights and improving treatment conditions. The proposed project in this work aims to break the stigma surrounding mental health by creating an architectural space that benefits both patients and staff, while also integrating it into the urban environment to increase interest and appreciation of the subject. It also aims to contribute academically to both the fields of architecture and health, encouraging the creation of humane environments for mental health treatment