Peregrinos da Terra: a luta dos posseiros pelo direito de acesso à terra no Médio Mearim - MA segundo as crônicas do Frei Adolfo Temme na década de 1980

Abstract

From the second half of the twentieth century, the field underwent drastic changes, as a result of the decree of the Land Statute of 1964 and the Land Law 2,979 / 69, insertingitself in a marketing logic. Land ownership has come to be seen as a product of great economic value and a symbol of social status, arousing interest among large landowners and land grabbers, significantly increasing the number of large estates and the improper ownership of many lands, contributing to the growth of the land. cases of conflict and the gradual expulsion of squatters and farmers, as occurs in the Middle Mearim-MA. In this period, the Catholic Church also underwent paradigmatic changes, from the break with a traditional church and the emergence of a progressive wing, accepted by a part of the clergy and society. From the Second Vatican Council and the Medellin Conference, he began to challenge the political, economic and social relations that existed in Third World countries and turned his gaze to the poor and marginalized. From the analysis of this historical context and the interpretation of the documentations listed (chronicles, diary of release) produced by the Franciscan Friar Adolfo Temme, we seek to analyze the performance of members inspired by Liberation Theology, such as Frei himself, the CPT, the CEB´ ACR, in cases of land conflicts in the Middle Mearim, alongside squatters and rural workers struggling against the advance of land grabbing and violence against their lives, work and home. In this way we try to understand the favorable support by the Catholic Church for the organization of squatters as a way to fight for rights in the 1980s. Finally, we also analyze the way newspapers reported the cases of conflict in the countryside, the changes about of the Agrarian Reform proposal and the Catholic Church, as a way to better understand the media discourses in the studied period.