As narrativas míticas em Sócrates como elemento de integração entre a história e a literatura

Abstract

The present work seeks to appear, above all, a relation between history and literature from the mythical narratives by Socrates in the Platonic dialogues. In addition, it analyze the debates about the relationship between the two segments and discuss the process of disintegration between them. With the decline of the myth, during the establishment of the narrative and the episode, the holistic thinking and oral tradition gradually were supplanted by a rationality that now had as the center of explanation of things, a reason, such as verifiable things, the saber empirical and no longer the myths spread by orality, which until then was the vital instrument of the Greek Paideia, especially the Homeric poems. “Fedro” , Socrates signals as a supremacy of writing to the detriment of orality, weakens a memory, leaves men less segments and fragments of knowledge. “Fédon” and “The Banquet” the recurrent use of the mythical narratives allied to the dialectic reveals a Plato that in the “Íon” and in the “ The Republic” criticizes the poetry and bane the ideal city poets, through a narrative to explain a true nature of love, a second plane and a concordance on the part of Socrates) and the soul, configuring it as immortal. The recurrent uses may be narrative, they reveal that in Socrates the split between a mythical conception of human existence and logos has not yet been established. The myth possibly came into play when the situation is found in the limits of rationality, it would come to mitigate or remedy the state of aporia in which an argument was found.