Parasitismo gastrintestinal, ectoparasitos e manejo higiênico-sanitário em criações semi-extensivas de caprinos na ilha de São Luís, Maranhão

Abstract

This study aimed to ascertain the main gastrointestinal parasites and ectoparasites that affect goats in creation of semi-extensive on the island of Sao Luís, Maranhão; and the hygienic-health management of these herds. The samples were collected in São José de Ribamar and Paço do Lumiar, in the period of outubro/2006 the setembro/2007, with 30 animals per property per month. The coproculture was done by the method of Robert & O'Sulivan (1950) and the identification of larvae by Ueno & Gonçalves (1998). In the property was used a form to the study of health management. The ectoparasites were collected considering the preferential anatomical site and identified according to Hoffmann (1987) and Aragão & Fonseca (1961). For statistical analysis was performed ANOVA, the tests Kruskall WallIis, Dunn's, Fischer and the Pearson correlation. The prevalence of 78.2% of positivity for endoparasites gastrointestinal, and in São José de Ribamar, 88.1% and the Paço do Lumiar, 68.3%, with statistical difference (P<0,0001). The gastrointestinal parasitism by helminthes was 64.2% in the island, while in São José de Ribamar was 74.7% and in Paço do Lumiar, 53.6% (193), with statistical difference (P<0.0001). To search the genus Eimeria, got up 59.6% of positivity in the island, in São José de Ribamar was 66.9% and in Paço do Lumiar, 52.2%, with statistical difference (P<0.0001). The eggs were observed Superfamilies Strongyloidea, Rhabdiasoidea, Trichurioidea and cestode Moniezia, with prevalence rates of 83.3%, 11.3%, 5.3% and 0.1% in São José de Ribamar, and 90.6%, 7.2%, 2.0% and 0.2% in Paço do Lumiar, respectively. Parasitism predominated in the dry season. They were identified larvae of genus Cooperia, Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Bunostomum, with prevalence rates of 68.1%, 14.1%, 10.8%, 5.5% and 1.6% respectively in São José de Ribamar and 73.9%, 16.2%, 8.4%, 1.4% and 0.1% respectively in Paço do Lumiar, with statistical difference in the two cities. In São José de Ribamar not occurred ectoparasites, but in Paço do Lumiar occurred Boophilus microplus and Bovicola caprae.