Resistência, produção campesina e desenvolvimento contemporâneo: uma análise do PAM Jardim São Cristóvão II

Abstract

The peasantry in Brazil is still a set of actions and practices that must be presented in debates and works aimed at a broad study of this science that is being decimated every day by mechanized agriculture. Rural farmers live a utopia in terms of agrarian reform that for years has been emphasized by governments and today, peasants are still waiting to receive the land they were promised to include in decent peasant production. Thus, this work is the result of the extension research of the State University of Maranhão - UEMA and the Study Group on the Agrarian Question and Social Movements - GEPQAM, being present during a year within the Municipal Settlement Project - PAM Jardim São Cristóvão II getting to know and learning about the techniques of peasant production that is one of the means of livelihood for local farmers in the capital Ludovissence, who are still resisting the advance of urbanization that is further reducing the space of local peasant production, for the insertion of large projects of real estate speculation. With this perspective, we had the general objective of this project to understand and analyze the implications arising from the process of using the PAM territory, verifying its spatial and productive dimension, as well as its importance on agricultural production and its continuity in the face of urban expansion and resistance, socioterritorial. And to understand this local dynamics we use as a method dialectical historical materialism based on Marx that makes us understand the history of these peasants according to their productive need, as well as their class struggle, historical organization and cultural reproduction. We also obtained results using the qualitative method to analyze the current social situation presented by the associates, and the use of descriptive research to understand the experience and the relationship of the actors inserted in this project. As a result, we had a better understanding of the dynamics of local production, the cultural reproduction of the settlement, as well as its food importance, contributing daily to the various markets and fairs of the capital Ludovissence, putting food on the table of thousands of families residing within the capital