Avaliação dos impactos ambientais nas dinâmicas de usos da terra na Amazônia maranhense

Abstract

The environmental impacts caused by deforestation and fires are events associated with agricultural activities that most cause changes in the original forest cover of the Amazon biome. ’['his theme is extremely important for socio-environmental and socio-economic issues linked to the way of life of the local society. Deforestation, burning, logging and extensive livestock are some examples of activities that impact the Amazon biome in the Maranhão slate that require urgent solutions. The general objective of this study is to assess the environmental impacts on land use dynamics in the Amazon of Maranhão. In turn, the sped lie objectives are: to characterize natural resources: identify land use patterns: and prepare land use and land cover maps. The survey sample included data from 103 municipalities for the years 2006 and 2017, with deforestation data being collected on lhe INPE / ERODES website, while the burning data was collected on the INPE / BDQUEIMADAS website. The factors of production were studied based on land use variables considering data from the Agricultural Census ÍBGE/SIDRA years 2006 and 201 7. The research methodology adopted the following methodological procedures: bibliographic and cartographic research; organization of the work environment; elaboration of maps; elaboration of tables and studied variables. The results indicate that between 2006 and 2017 there was a decrease in the area of accumulated deforestation and in the number of fires, the average total area in family and non-family establishments decreased, areas of permanent crops and temporary crops decreased in both establishments, degraded pasture areas in good condition increased and native pasture decreased in these establishments, finally, areas of native forest and planted forest in family establishments decreased, while in non-family establishments they increased