Sífilis gestacional: caracterização epidemiológica no Maranhão de 2017 a 2021

Abstract

Syphilis is an infectious and sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It emerged in Europe in the late 15th century and spread during periods of war, currently posing a public health problem. To analyze the epidemiological panorama of gestational syphilis in the 11th health region of Maranhão from 2017 to 2021. A quantitative descriptive study analyzing reported gestational syphilis data in the 13 municipalities of the 11th Health Region, provided by the SINAN/DATASUS platform. Epidemiological aspects examined included age group, race, progression, clinical classification, non-treponemal test, and treponemal test. Data analysis revealed an increase in reported cases in 2018 and a reduction from 2019 to 2021. The profile of gestational syphilis in the 11th health region of Maranhão during the study period was primarily among pregnant women aged 20 to 39, of prevalent brown race/color, and diagnosed with primary syphilis, with no progression of the case. The study identified relationships and variables contributing to the increase and decrease in reported cases. Furthermore, the results highlighted gaps in prenatal care and epidemiological surveillance