Estudo epidemiológico e virológico das lentiviroses de pequenos ruminantes (LVPR) na messorregião do oeste maranhense, Brasil

Abstract

The sanitary-epidemiological profile of small ruminant Lentiriruses (SRLV) from the mesoregion of maranhense west, micro region of Imperatriz, were evaluated in the present study. With this purpose, a questionnaire was applied to 57 properties of 14 cities from the studied region, to add up 710 samples (THRUSFIELD, 2004). Besides this, the serological study through the detection of anti- SRLV antibodies by the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) (ABREU et al., 1998) and the inoculation of primary culture cells in leukocytes culture bottles of demonstrably infected animals. The association between the handling adopted in the raisings and the occurrence of the Lentiviruses were tested using the Chi-squared test (χ2), still being calculated odds ratios (OR) with a confidence interval of 95% using the Statistical Package for Social Science for Windows (SPSS), version 20. The results showed the occurrence of myiasis in 78.90% of the cattle, caseous lymphadenitis (59.6%), pododermatitis (47.40%), abortion (43.90%), mastitis (31.60%), among others as pneumonia and arthritis. In relation to the basic practices of health handling revealed that they are neglected by producers. The prevalence of small ruminant lentiviruses was 7.5% (53/710), as being similar to the species, with 7.5% (39/481) of sheep and 7.4% (14/176) of goats . Among the 14 cities evaluated, 12 showed positive animals LVPR, which characterizes the virus circulating in the evaluated properties and seven of these counties had between 8% and 15% of positive animals. The cultivation technique of leukocytes with subsequent co-cultivation was effective in isolating the virus, showing positive cytopathic effects of samples analyzed by syncytia formation and morphological changes characteristic of the disease.