Desafios para a implementação da política nacional de resíduos sólidos (PNRS) no município de Bacabal-MA

Abstract

The non-enforcement of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) by Brazilian municipalities is a significant obstacle to the proper management of the country's solid waste. Each municipality needs, according to PNRS recommendations, to align with the established goals, aiming through legal provisions and recommendations for an appropriate environment for waste disposal and logistics aimed at reducing their generation, considering that the available forms are landfill and controlled landfill, which are ineffective and generate various social and environmental problems. Therefore, this work aims to present the challenges for the implementation of PNRS in the municipality of Bacabal–MA, with expected results to guide the municipal government. This study was based on bibliographic, documentary, and descriptive research, which occurred in 4 stages: 1 - primary documentary research in databases and laws produced at federal and state levels; 2 - also constituted of primary documentary research, but emphasizing the panoramas of laws and actions at the municipal level; 3 - secondary and tertiary documentary research for scientific articles; 4 - constituted by the analysis of documents from primary sources in various spheres of power (federal, state, and municipal) and of the bibliographies involved in the discussion of the analysis and indication of the challenges still to be faced by the municipality in implementing PNRS. Challenges are presented, according to the documentary analyses provided by the consulted municipal sectors: a) Reformulation and updating of the Municipal Solid Waste Management Policy of 2001 and Municipal Environmental Policy of 2015, which are in disagreement with the National Solid Waste Policy of 2010; b) Efficiency and Transparency of municipal laws; c) Elaboration of the Municipal Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan, to prioritize the Union regarding the availability of resources for the creation of an environmentally suitable disposal method; d) Physical infrastructure and human resources for the formulation of guidelines and bases for meeting PNRS requirements; e) Involvement of the population, business sectors, and public sectors in complying with selective collection and reverse logistics established by PNRS. It is considered that in the municipality of Bacabal, it is necessary to overcome the challenges presented to unlock the legal implications that do not enable the implementation of PNRS and the installation of the sanitary landfill in the municipality. Keywords: Solid waste. Integrated management. Final disposal.