Epidemiologia da artrite encefalite caprina á vírus em municípios do Estado da Maranhão-Brasil

Abstract

Aiming to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAE) in goat herds in the state of Maranhão, through serological techniques Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa-i), as well as compare the results of the determination of viral antibodies CAE obtained by the used techniques, evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA-i for the detection of viral antibodies considering how standard technique AGID and recommend the Elisa test –i for the diagnosis of CAE in the State of Maranhão, we analyzed 390 blood serum samples of goats from 39 properties belonging to 13 municipalities (Caxias, Timos, Chapadinha, Brejo, São Benedito do Rio Preto, Codó, Coroatá, Vargem Grande, São Luís, Raposa, Paço do Lumiar, São José de Ribamar e São João Batista) located in the regions of Caxias, Chapadinha, Codó, ItapecuruMirim, São Luís e Viana). Serum samples were collected from goats with or without clinical signs of infection by caprine arthritis encephalitis, of different breeds and ages. During sample collection, epidemiological questionnaire was applied to investigate factors that could be associated with infection. Of the 390 samples analyzed 7,69% (30 /390) and 9,74 % (38 /390) were positive for ELISA-i and AGID respectively. Of the 39 properties sampled 28,20% (11/39) had at least one animal reagent. As for risk factors showed that the variables milking, origin of animals from other states, in common with sheep breeding, dairy farming, intensive farming system, breed, not requiring sanitary documentation and sharing utensils with other properties presented association was statistically significant (P < 0,05) the risk of infection.The results showed 100% sensitivity and specificity of 97% for the ELISA test. The Kappa statistical method, determined perfect agreement between techniques (K = 0,83). The results of this study show that both techniques can be used for detection of anti- CAE and suggest the need for effective measures to prevent the spread of CAEV in goat breeding in the state, especially regarding trade and / or interstate movement of animals with a view to breeding herd sites.