Estudo etnoecológico dos sistemas agro-extrativos de produção na região lacustre do Caçó, Município de Primeira Cruz, Ma

Abstract

The studies of the natural ecosystems and the traditional agroecossytems contribute with the development of handling practices ecologically consistent to obtain models of sustaiinable agroecossystems. Otherwise, the modernization process will destroy this tested knowledge and approved by the time. The present research focuses as a study area of a community, located in the Lagoa do Caçó, Municipal district of Primeira Cruz, belonging to APA Upaon Açu/Miritiba/Alto Preguiça-Maranhão and has for objective to evaluate the use of the natural resources and the agroecological viability of the agriculture-extractive systems through the etnoecology. The Lagoa do Caçó possesses 5 km of extension, 500 m of width and maximum depth of 10 m approximately. It was used the technique of direct observation and application of questionnaires, distributed in 33 residences, totalizing 66 informers, registering socioeconomics aspects, agriculture-extractive systems, use and handling of the natural resources and economical activities. For better understanding the area was divided in five units of landscape, from these the hillside needs special attention for the implantation of cleared lands that threaten the bodies of the water. The Caçó community possesses as source of revenue, a group of agricultural and extractive activities that remains in a subsistence level. The relative isolation of the area restricts the introduction of technological innovations, but it controls the demographic growth and it contributes to the perpetuation of traditions and for the conservation of the natural resources. The Caçó systems can be considered agroecologic for subsistence. The data obtained from this research provide subsidies for the planning of public politics forwarded to this APA.