Influência do uso de fármacos contraceptivos no desenvolvimento de patologias do sistema reprodutor de cadelas

Abstract

Pets’ reproductive control is a very pertinent subject among owners, which can choose between neutering methods and the use of contraceptive drugs, which possess a reversible action. Despite the surgical method is more efficient and safe, some tutors consider it very expensive, and so adopt the contraceptive drugs. However, these drugs may cause a variety of diseases, especially pyometra, dead fetuses and breast cancer. This way, this study aimed to evaluate cases of the aforementioned diseases and relate them to age, breed and the use of contraceptive drugs. Were analyzed 2,325 clinical records of female dogs attended at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, in 2016. Of these, 217 animals were diagnosed with diseases related to the use of contraceptive drugs. 112 had pyometra, 52 presented dead fetuses and 107 had breast tumors. Animals with 1-2 years were more susceptible to have dead fetuses; animals with 3-6 years were predisposed to pyometra and older animals (>7 years) were the most affected with breast tumors. There was not racial predisposition to these affections. In half of all pyometra cases, the tutors gave contraceptive drugs to its animals; it also happened in 38.46% of dead fetuses cases and 21.49% of breast tumors. Given this, it is possible to affirm that was an indiscriminate use of contraceptive drugs by the owners, which resulted in the development of the studied diseases. So, is of great importance that the tutors are aware of the risks that these drugs offer to the health and welfare of the animals and informed about the security and efficacy of neutering.