https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2024 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 18:08:19 GMT 2026-04-06T18:08:19Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4493 Título: Fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva de aves caipira como meio de geração de renda na agricultura familiar Abstact: Raising free-range poultry in communities is not intended to compete with industrial poultry farming, but it represents great potential as a component for structuring the development of black-legged chicken, in addition to having a distinctive and peculiar flavor, in addition to filling a market niche with products originating from an alternative production system and thus serving consumers with a more natural diet. The project aimed to strengthen the free-range poultry production chain as a means of generating income in the Santo Antônio Village, São João do Sóter - MA. The project provided the installation of a fully equipped chicken coop, which was installed and operated in the home of one of the Association's residents, under the care of farmers and the project team. 100 45-day-old chicks were delivered to the community and a practical training course on health management, feeding and reproductive management was held. On the day of the training and delivery of the chicks, 12 families were registered in attendance. Throughout the entire implementation period, numerous visits were made to monitor the development of the chicks, the planting of grass, maintenance of the chicken coop and training with the residents. During the laying phase, the males were sold and straw nests were installed for the females and the residents were responsible for collecting the eggs and incubating them in the incubator. Several lectures were given by technicians from the Banco do Nordeste Agroamigo Program, AGERP technicians and AGED technicians. The correct ways to handle the birds, produce the eggs and sell the birds were also presented. When the birds began their reproductive phase at 180 days of age, beginning the laying phase, six straw nests were made and distributed throughout the shed. The males and females were also separated. At the end of the project, all the knowledge acquired was shared through the creation of 3,000 booklets, which describe the methods and techniques used during the management carried out. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4493 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4486 Título: Educação ambiental: impactos das queimadas e desmatamentos em uma escola municipal em São João do Sóter-Maranhão Abstact: Environmental education was based on educational proposals originating from distinct theoretical concepts and ideological matrices, and was recognized as having undeniable relevance for the environmentalist construction of society. In this sense, the work aimed to raise awareness in the community of a municipal school in Santa Maria, São João do Sóter – MA, regarding the preservation and conservation of the environment. The actions were carried out at the school as a way of guiding students on the preservation and conservation of the environment, with lectures on the impacts of deforestation in the region, workshops on seedling production and reforestation of an area around the school. The students were made aware of Environmental Education, understood the alternatives and practices for protecting forests. They understood the causes and consequences of burning and deforestation and the importance of avoiding them. With the development and implementation of the project, the interest and participation of students, teachers and staff was observed. They understood the importance of caring for the environment to promote an improvement in quality of life. Through awareness and motivation, students are guided to develop teamwork, to think and rethink the environmental problems present in their reality Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4486 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4384 Título: Variabilidade genética de tucunarés (Cichlidae: cichliformes) introduzidos em bacias hidrográficas maranhenses Abstact: The genus Cichla, the tucunarés, originating from the Amazon basin, are fish of great economic and ecological importance, whether for sport fishing, fish stocking or cooking. They are voracious predators, present in 16 species that have been introduced in several river basins in Brazil, among them the Maranhão basins and little is known about these species, in relation to taxonomic identification, number of individuals and their genetic variability. Therefore, we used the mitochondrial genes 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and Cytochrome b (Cyt b) to analyze the levels of genetic variability of the genus Cichla introduced in the basins of Maranhão. The specimens were collected in the Mearim and Parnaíba/MA basins using fishing gear, and then transported to the Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOL) where they were sorted, labeled, photographed and identified using specific literature and subjected to DNA extraction techniques, amplification of 16S rRNA and Cyt b genes via PCR and sequencing. The obtained sequences were analyzed in the software: BioEdit, Mega X, DnaSP. 23 sequences were obtained for both genes, of which, 13 from the Flores river, five from the Pindaré river, Mearim river basin and five from the Buriti river, a tributary of the Parnaíba river basin. Sequences of the genus Cichla from Genbank were added to this work for analysis purposes, 22 for the rRNA16S gene and 23 for Cyt b. The 16S rRNA fragment showed values of haplotype diversity (h) of 0.676and nucleotide (π) of 0.019, 12 haplotypes were formed, among which, there was the formation of a single haplotype for specimens of Cichla kelberi from Maranhão rivers and Genbank sequences with an intraspecific genetic distance of 0.0%. The Cyt b gene showed an intraspecific divergence that ranged from 0.0 to 0.5%, with a haplotype diversity (h) of 0.838 and nucleotide diversity(π) of 0.041, and a total of 21 haplotypes, two haplotypes for specimens of C. kelberi from Maranhão basins and one for Genbank sequences. The clusters generated by phylogenetic reconstructions for both genes showed strongly supported clades, indicating agreement with the species Cichla kelberi. The specimens analyzed by 16S rRNA were grouped into a clade coherently with the specimens collected in the Doce and Itumbiara rivers/MG, which come from the Tocantins river. Given this, it is possible to infer that the specimens of Cichla kelberi collected in the Flores, Pindaré and Buriti/MA rivers are derived from populations of the Tocantins river. Therefore,fragments of the 16S rRNA and Cyt b genes proved to be a useful tool for taxonomic identification at a specific level, recurrent introduction events are of great ecological concern, causing impacts on the native ichthyofauna, these results can help in tracking the origin of the Cichla in the basins of Maranhão, helping in the analysis of the genetic variability of introduced stocks Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4384 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4373 Título: Comunidade de formigas epígeas (Hymenoptera: formicidae) da mata de cocais, cerrado senso stricto e pasto do município de Aldeias Altas, Maranhão, Brasil Abstact: The world ant fauna is estimated at approximately 16 thousand species, and in the neotropical region comprises about 5 thousand species. In Brazil, more than 1600 species are recorded and for the state of Maranhão, mimstcofuna currently records the occurrence of 279 species. Ants are among the insects most used as bioindicators due to their high diversity and sensitivity to changes in the physical and biological environment, as they are used as model organisms to understand the influence of biotic and abiotic variables and anthropic activities on biodiversity. The objective of this work was to know the fauna of Spigean ants in different areas in the Municipality of Aldeias Altas in Maranhão, Brazil. The collections were developed in the village Olho D'água do Ventura, in the city of Aldeias Altas-MA. Ants were collected in three areas: i. Mata de cocais, jj, Cerrado sensu stricto and iii. Pasture. A total of 27,2016 specimens were recorded throughout the study, classified into 47 species, belonging to 22 genera and seven subfamilies. The Mazmusenas subfamily was the most diverse and most represented in this study, with 21 species identified. In the cocais forest area, the richness was 37 ant species, in pasture and cerrado sensu stricto, 29 and 27 species were collected, respectively. The cocais forest showed a greater diversity of ants, in relation to the cerrado sensu stricto and pasture Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/4373 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z