https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1882 2026-04-17T15:18:04Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5902 Título: Agroindústrias familiares na microrregião da aglomeração urbana de São Luís: desafios e oportunidades para um desenvolvimento sustentável Abstact: Family farming represents one of the fundamental pillars of food production and rural development in Brazil, playing an essential role in food security, income generation, and environmental sustainability. In the state of Maranhão, family farming stands out, being responsible for a large part of the State's agricultural production. In this context, family agroindustries emerge as a strategy for adding value to primary production, diversifying income sources, and strengthening the local economy. The present study aimed to analyze the challenges and opportunities related to the implementation, operation, and strengthening of family agro-industries in the micro-region of the São Luís Urban Agglomeration. To achieve this, the main obstacles were identified across the legal, financial, technical assistance, and infrastructure dimensions; bureaucratic and sanitary barriers in accessing Inspection Services (SIM, SIE, and SIF) were analyzed; and the quality of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) directed at these agro-industries was investigated. The research was developed with a qualitative and descriptive approach, using primary and secondary data. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to 17 family agro-industries located in the municipalities of São Luís, São José de Ribamar, and Paço do Lumiar. The results indicated that most agro-industries operate individually and face significant difficulties related to infrastructure, legal formalization, and access to credit and technical assistance. However, the study also identified opportunities associated with institutional markets, the valorization of local products, and the expansion of public policies aimed at family agro-industrialization. It is concluded that the strengthening of these agro-industries requires overcoming the identified bottlenecks and depends on the proposition of guidelines and the integration of credit, rural extension, sanitary inspection, and organizational support policies, aiming at the construction of a sustainable and territorialized rural development model 2025-12-12T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5718 Título: Feasibility of Biogas production and carbon credits sale from implementation of anaerobic manure treatment systems in swine farms Abstact: A suinocultura é uma atividade que demanda elevada disponibilidade hídrica, sendo motivo de preocupação devido à atual necessidade crescente de economia e uso racional da água nas cadeias produtivas. A adoção de tecnologias sustentáveis que mitiguem os impactos causados na disposição final dos resíduos sólidos e líquidos da atividade suinícola é essencial. O presente estudo avaliou o potencial de geração de biogás e créditos de carbono da Fazenda “Oriente”, uma granja de suínos localizada na mesorregião do Maranhão, propondo um modelo de biodigestor, bem como os custos de sua implantação, e a análise econômica deste projeto. Evidenciou-se que um total de 250 animais geram em média 5,45 m³ de dejetos/dia. Seguido pela análise de Sólidos Voláteis (VS) que resultou em uma média de 309 gVS/L. O projeto indiano de biodigestor aplicado ao tratamento de resíduos suínos exigiu capacidade volumétrica de 200 m³. Além disso, o potencial metanogênico (PrM) do biodigestor foi estimado em 624 m³/dia com base no balanço de massa da matéria orgânica medido por meio de análises de sólidos voláteis, resultando em um potencial de produção de energia de 4.028 KWh/dia. O potencial de captura de carbono (Mo) de 510 tonCO2/ano foi precificado em R$ R$ 13.260,00 no mercado de créditos de carbono. A avaliação da composição de nitrogênio do resíduo resultou em uma média de 5,5 gN/kg de lodo, evidenciando adequação à relação C:N para biodigestão, bem como para uso posterior de biofertilizante. Foram feitas análises de viabilidade econômica com ganhos de energia e o Payback levaria 32 dias 2024-08-08T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5714 Título: Tratamentos químicos de sementes de astronium urundeuva (M. Allemão) Engl.: aspectos sanitários e fisiológicos Abstact: The growing concern for environmental preservation and recovery has highlighted the importance of native forest species, such as Aroeira (Astronium urundeuva), especially in the context of programs to recover degraded areas. The demand for quality seeds for these programs is growing, driven by legal requirements for regulating native forests and conserving ecosystems. Thus, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of different chemical treatments on the sanitary and physiological quality of A. urundeuva seeds. First, the moisture content was evaluated and the weight of one thousand seeds was determined. To evaluate the sanitary and physiological quality, the following treatments were used: control, sodium hypochlorite (2%), captan, thiophanate-methyl and acibenzolar-S-methyl. The percentage of incidence of fungi was evaluated using the “blotter test” method; germination percentage; germination speed index, first count; normal and abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, length of the aerial part and root, stem diameter; dry mass of the aerial part, root and total. The experimental design used was completely randomized and the means were compared by the Tukey test (5%) using Assistat. The seeds presented moisture content and weight of a thousand seeds of 8.2% and 16.5 g, respectively. The fungal genera Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp. and Penicillium spp. were identified. The treatment of the seeds with the product captan proved to be efficient in reducing the incidence of fungi associated with the seeds of A. urundeuva, in addition to presenting higher germination and vigor rates compared to the other treatments evaluated in this study. The fungicide thiophanate-methyl did not provide effective phytosanitary control, but its use did not harm the physiological quality of A. urundeuva seeds, preserving their vigor and germination capacity. The use of sodium hypochlorite (2%) and the fungicide acibenzolar-S-methyl resulted in a significant reduction in the germination of mastic seeds, suggesting a possible phytotoxic effect of these treatments. Therefore, the use of the fungicide captan can be considered a viable alternative in the reduction of pathogens of mastic seeds. 2024-08-18T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/5712 Título: Efeito do óleo de melaleuca na incidência de fungos e qualidade fisiológica em sementes de algodão Abstact: Healthy seeds and the use of resistant cultivars have been effective strategies for controlling pathogens in cultivated species, with chemical control through seed treatment being the main strategy employed for seed health. However, various studies have shown that certain vegetable oils have an inhibitory effect on seed-transmitted fungi, representing potential alternatives to agrochemicals for seed health and/or better performance in cultivated species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of melaleuca oil, which is popularly recognized for its antimicrobial properties, in controlling pathogenic fungi in cotton seeds, considering the species' susceptibility to a variety of seed-borne fungi. Untreated cotton seeds of the BRS Jade cultivar, along with those subjected to treatments with fungicide (Vitavax Thiram 200 SC) (20% Carboxin + 20% Thiram (w/v)) and different concentrations of melaleuca oil (Insitta) (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% (v/v)), were analyzed for the incidence of pathogenic fungi, physiological quality, and initial development of the respective seedlings through the following laboratory tests and/or analyses: blotter test, seedling emergence in sand, first count of seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed index, seedling shoot length and dry mass, root system length and dry mass, and seedling dry mass. Based on the statistical analysis of the data by ANOVA and mean tests, it was observed that melaleuca oil was effective in controlling fungal infections in cotton seeds, with the 25% (v/v) dosage being the most efficient in controlling the fungi *Rhizopus stolonifer* and *Fusarium* sp., without causing immediate detrimental effects on seedling emergence, emergence speed, or initial seedling development after emergence. 2024-08-16T00:00:00Z