https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1 Biblioteca Digital da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão 2026-07-10T08:32:24Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6291 Título: Elaboração e avaliação sensorial de geleia de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.) com coco (Cocos nuciferas L.) Abstact: This study aimed to formulate and produce tamarind and coconut jam. Four types of jam (G1, G2, G3, G4) were developed, varying only in the concentrations of tamarind, coconut, and sugar. The evaluations performed included sensory analysis (acceptance test, ideal and ranking), as well as physicochemical analysis of the jams. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test (5%). The sensory analysis, conducted with 100 tasters, showed no significant difference between the jams in the attributes of appearance, texture, flavor, and overall evaluation. In the ideal test, the jams differed only in the attributes of color and sugar content. In the ranking test, G2 was the most preferred by the tasters. Regarding purchase intention, G2 obtained 50% in the would buy category. The results found in the physicochemical analyses showed that the Brix° values varied between 60% and 72%. With a pH of 3.0, titratable acidity between 0.75% and 1.89% protein content between 1.25% and 2.41%, ash content between 0.67% and 1.19%, and moisture content between 43.60% and 54.10%, jelly G2 presented the best physicochemical and sensory balance, standing out as the most suitable for future commercialization. 2026-01-08T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6290 Título: Detecção molecular e análise filogenética de filarídeos em primatas Sapajus apella da região geográfica imediatada de Bacabal, Maranhão Abstact: Filarids are nematodes belonging to the superfamily Filarioidea, recognized for infecting various groups of vertebrates, including Neotropical primates. In Brazil, despite the wide distribution and diversity of species of the genus Sapajus, studies aimed at detecting these parasites in wild populations are still scarce. In Maranhão, particularly in the Immediate Region of Bacabal, an ecological transition area between biomes, with high biodiversity and interaction between wildlife and anthropogenic environments, no studies have yet been carried out on filarids in free-ranging Neotropical primates. In this context, the present study aimed to perform the molecular detection and phylogenetic characterization of filarids detected in Sapajus apella from the region. Between September 2024 and January 2025, individuals of the species S. apella were captured using Tomahawk traps. After restraint, blood samples were collected by puncture of the jugular or femoral vein. Part of the samples was used for the preparation of blood smears, stained by the panoptic method, while another fraction was used for genomic DNA extraction using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN®, Germany). The extracted DNA was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the cox1, 18S, and 12S genes, followed by Sanger sequencing. The sequences obtained for the cox1 gene were analyzed by BLAST and used for phylogenetic inference by the Maximum Likelihood method. Drops of blood were added to LIT medium for Trypanosoma culture for a parallel project. Of the 14 individuals of S. apella analyzed, three (21.43%) individuals were positive with the presence of parasitic forms in blood smears. Regarding PCR, six (42.85%) samples were positive for the cox1, 18S, and 12S genes. All amplified samples were submitted to sequencing; however, for the cox1 gene, four of them (66.7%) presented adequate quality for analysis and were used in the construction of the phylogenetic tree. The sequences obtained showed identity between 96% and 99% with Dipetalonema gracile according to BLAST, clustering exclusively within the clade of the genus Dipetalonema. The results confirm the occurrence of filarids of the genus Dipetalonema in S. apella in Maranhão. This study represents the first record of the presence of this parasite in primates of this species in the state, expanding knowledge about the distribution of filarids in Neotropical primates in Brazil. 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6289 Título: Colonização de organismos incrustantes em diferentes tipos de substratos artificiais na Baía de São Marcos, São Luís - MA Abstact: This study had as objective to invertigate the occurrence of fouling organisms in diferente types of substrates the area of São Marcos Bay, under port influence. For the study, three sampling points were defined, which were accessed on four dates between the periods of December/2020 to September/2021, quarterly. The specimens were sampled with recruitment panels composed of four different substrates (acrylic, polyethylene, metal and wood). In situ abiotic variables were also measured, in order to understand the communities tolerances. Appraising the average values of the abiotic parameters, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the stations sampled, except for the metals: boron, copper and zinc with their respective values (p-value = 0.04; 0.004 and 0.015). The values (mg/L) obtained for all metals are above the recommended by CONAMA Resolution no 357/2005. Tukey's test revealed that density was higher in P1 than in P2 and P3, while equity was significantly lower in P1 compared to the other areas. The richness in metal and wood substrate were significantly higher than that found in polyethylene. The non-metric multidimensional analysis (nMDS) showed a grouping in the density of species at point P1, however for the substrates it did not show an ordering of densities, showing few comparisons of efficiency between substrates and a good balance of similarity at P2. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) explained 92.12% of the observed data in the add of the two axes, revealing that the zinc concentration negatively influenced four species in P1. Three taxa represent new records for Brazil, namely: Lagis sp., (Polychaeta); Cerapus cf. bumbumiensis (Amphipoda); Natica cf. vitellus (Gastropod) that need to have their studies expanded to determine whether their occurrences indicate bioinvasion events. Studies reveal that chemical components may be influencing the density of encrusting organisms in P3. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that the anthropic processes generated by the port complex influence the distribution of native diversity, as well as attracting exotic species through port activities. 2023-01-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6288 Título: Caracterização clínica, cito-histomorfológica e molecular da esporotricose felina na Ilha de São Luís-MA Abstact: Sporotrichosis is a zoonotic cutaneous mycosis caused by saprophytic fungi of the genus Sporothrix spp. which affects cats, armadillos, horses, dogs and humans. In urban areas, cats are the main transmitters of the disease to humans, through bites and scratches. The clinical forms of the disease are: fixed cutaneous, disseminated cutaneous, extracutaneous and lymphocutaneous. The aim of this study was to carry out the clinical, phenotypic and molecular characterization of sporotrichosis in cats living on the island of São Luís, in the state of Maranhão. From October 2022 to July 2023, clinical assessments and cytological examinations were carried out on cats suspected of having sporotrichosis seen at the Francisco Edilberto Uchôa Lopes Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Maranhão. Felines with lesions suggestive of sporotrichosis were selected, without criteria of breed, sex, age or reproductive status. Exudate from the lesions was collected for fungal culture and cytological examination. The positive samples were isolated and sent for phenotypic and molecular identification of the fungal genus. A total of 46 animals were selected: 33 males and 13 females. The disseminated cutaneous clinical form was observed in 70% of the cats evaluated. The regions of the body with the most lesions were the face, ears, back of the thoracic region and limbs. In the fungal culture, white colonies were observed, which progressively became blackish and had a leathery texture compatible with the species Sporothrix spp. The micromorphological analysis showed hyaline hyphae with round conidia and daisy-like conidiophores. The samples that tested positive in the micromorphological evaluation were sent for molecular analysis. PCR was carried out using primers specific to the S. brasiliensis species. All 46 samples successfully amplified the CAL gene. Five samples were selected for phylogenetic analysis. The BLASTn analysis found isolates with percentages of genetic identity ranging from 90 to 100% with sequences of S. brasiliensis (cal gene), previously deposited in the genbank of isolates from different hosts and locations, such as felines, dogs and humans. S. brasiliensis is responsible for causing disease in felines living on the island of São Luís - MA. 2024-06-17T00:00:00Z