DSpace Coleção:https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21742026-08-25T05:11:40Z2026-08-25T05:11:40ZResposta Imunológica de Bezerras Bubalinas (Bubalus Bubalis) à vacinação com amostra indutora (B19) e não indutora (RB51) de anticorpos aglutinanteshttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/63752026-08-07T17:07:19Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Resposta Imunológica de Bezerras Bubalinas (Bubalus Bubalis) à vacinação com amostra indutora (B19) e não indutora (RB51) de anticorpos aglutinantes
Abstact: Brucellosis is a zoonosis of great sanitary and economic importance that affects several
animal species, including the buffalo species (Bubalus bubalis), negatively impacting
One Health and herd productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response
of buffalo heifers vaccinated with the B19 and RB51 strains against brucellosis in the
municipality of Viana, located in the Baixada Maranhense region, State of Maranhão,
Brazil. Thirty female buffaloes aged between 3 and 12 months were sampled and
randomly divided into three experimental groups of ten animals each: Group 1 (G1),
vaccinated with the B19 strain; Group 2 (G2), vaccinated with the RB51 strain; and
Group 3 (G3), unvaccinated control group. Blood samples were collected on days 0
(pre-vaccination), 14, 90, and 180 post-vaccination. Biological material collected from
groups G1 and G3 was subjected to the Buffered Acidified Antigen (BAA) test and the
2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) test to detect the post-vaccination immune response. The
results showed that the B19 vaccine induced an immune response with 100% of the
animals reacting to the BAA test up to day 90, with a decrease in this response by day
180, when 10% of the group showed no reaction. In the 2-ME test, a gradual decline in
IgG titers was observed over time, with detectable responses up to day 180. The control
group remained negative throughout all periods. In Group 2 (G2), vaccinated with the
RB51 strain, the Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) test was used to assess the immune
response. No reactive animals were detected at any of the sampling times (0, 14, 90,
or 180 days). The findings highlight the importance of using diagnostic tests capable of
distinguishing vaccinated from non-vaccinated animals to avoid false-positive or false-
negative results, as well as the need to develop serological techniques specific for
animals vaccinated with non-agglutinating antibody-inducing strains (RB51). Such
developments can support vaccination strategies and active surveillance for animal
brucellosis, promoting control of this disease in buffaloes in the Baixada Maranhense
region.2025-01-01T00:00:00ZAbundância e sazonalidade da mosca-dos-chifres: Haematobia irritans no Bioma Amazôniahttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/63742026-08-07T14:03:43Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Abundância e sazonalidade da mosca-dos-chifres: Haematobia irritans no Bioma Amazônia
Abstact: The horn fly is an ectoparasite that mainly affects cattle, continuously feeding on the
blood of these animals through its bite, causing enormous losses in the production of
meat and milk. The present work aims to understand the biological aspects of the fly
-dos-horns in the Maranhão Amazon, providing the basis for strategic control. The
experiment was carried out on a farm in the municipality of Buriticupu, Maranhão,
Northeast Brazil. The study was carried out during the parasitic and non-parasitic
phases. In the parasitic phase, 100 Nelore females (Bos indicus) were used, aged
between 1.5 and 2 years, and were observed every 15 days to count horn flies. To
do this, within the batch, 30 animals were chosen at random and the count was
always done on one side of the animal, and the number of flies multiplied by 2x. The
count followed the following pattern: ≤ 50 flies were counted individually, > 50 flies
were counted in groups that were added together at the end of each individual's
count. In the non-parasitic phase, 20 emergency traps were used on fresh feces of
the animals, and the flies that emerged from the feces were counted monthly. During
the parasitic phase, horn fly population density varied throughout the year. A first
population peak was observed in November and a second starting in May with a
peak in June. At the November peak, an average of 600 flies/animal were observed,
while at the June peak ~500 flies/animal. During the non-parasitic phase, peaks were
observed in November (~180 flies) and May (110 flies). Both peaks (parasitic and
non-parasitic phases) coincided with the beginning of the rainy season (November-
December) and the end of the rainy season (May-June). It is concluded that the horn
fly in the Amazon biome tends to present a seasonal pattern, with peaks in the
months of November-December and May-June, with precipitation being an important
regulator, since there was little variation in temperature throughout of the study2024-01-01T00:00:00ZFundamentos técnico-científicos para elaboração de regulamento estadual de certificação do mel de abelhas sem ferrão do Maranhãohttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/62712026-07-14T00:08:13Z2026-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Fundamentos técnico-científicos para elaboração de regulamento estadual de certificação do mel de abelhas sem ferrão do Maranhão
Abstact: Stingless bee honey has increasing socioeconomic and commercial relevance, especially in
regions where meliponiculture is traditional, such as Maranhão. However, the lack of specific
regulations for processing this product in the state compromises sanitary certification, quality
standardization, and market competitiveness. With the aim of contributing to a draft state
technical regulation on identity and quality for stingless bee honey, this study characterized the
physicochemical, microbiological, and melissopalynological parameters of 15 samples from the
five mesoregions of Maranhão and conducted a systematic review on the subject. The analyses
included indicators of maturity, purity, deterioration, and microbiological quality, compared to
limits established in regulatory standards of other Brazilian states. The results revealed
conformity in the parameters of maturity and purity, with adequate levels of moisture, water
activity, reducing sugars, diastase, ash, and insoluble solids, in addition to the consistent
presence of pollen grains associated with regional flowerings. On the other hand, non-
conformities were observed in the deterioration indicators, especially in the
hydroxymethylfurfural values, in addition to punctual deviations in pH, free acidity, and mold
and yeast counts, suggesting the influence of environmental conditions and processing practices.
The findings provide a technical basis for establishing physicochemical and microbiological
limits compatible with the productive reality of Maranhão. The proposed draft contributes to the
standardization2026-01-01T00:00:00ZAvicultura de corte comercial na Ilha do Maranhão: perfil socioeconômico, produtivo e utilização de cama de aviáriohttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/57632026-07-14T00:08:13Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Avicultura de corte comercial na Ilha do Maranhão: perfil socioeconômico, produtivo e utilização de cama de aviário
Abstact: The objective of this research was to characterize the socioeconomic and productive profile of
commercial poultry in the Island of Maranhão - MA and to report the sanitary episode of avian litter
intake by cattle, epidemiologically characterizing the sanitary situation and the sanitation measures
implemented. In order to reach the objectives of this study, 10 commercial broiler breeders
registered at the State Agency of Agricultural and Livestock Defense of the State of Maranhão were
interviewed through semi-structured questionnaires. E, used 119 cattle from a rural property located
in the municipality of São José de Ribamar - MA. As a basic research instrument (questionnaires) it
was possible to determine some characteristics of poultry farming, such as: profile of poultry
producers; characteristics of properties; performance of the activity; and, production, use and
marketing of aviary bed. With the results obtained in this study we observed a new organization of
the production chain of broilers in the study area. Thus, there is a producer with a differentiated
profile in the Island of Maranhão, characterized by production in partnership with integrating
companies and employment of hired labor, characterizing an industrial-type poultry; incorporation
of producers with larger land areas and greater bird housing capacity; and, the presence of technical
assistance that is reverted in improvement of the sanitary state and, consequently, in the indicators
of productive performance. As for the sanitary episode, this was the result of an anonymous
complaint about the supply of poultry litter as feed for cattle. After 72 hours of the complaint,
property inspection and collection of feed samples were carried out. The collected material was sent
to the National Agricultural Laboratory of Santa Catarina for the detection or not of by-products of
animal origin. In the initial inspection to the rural property was verified the presence of aviary bed
supplied to the cattle as food. And, the laboratory result was detected the presence of uncalcined
bones, non-hydrolyzed feathers and blood, which proves the feeding of the animals with byproducts of animal origin. The data obtained in this study show that commercial poultry farming in
the Island of Maranhão has great potential for expansion, mainly based on grain supply, climate,
favorable topography and good infrastructure. However, there is a need to establish incentive
measures for poultry farms focused on health education, taking into account the production, use and
commercialization of poultry litter and the risks arising from them in ruminant feeding. It is
suggested the intensification in the active inspections in ruminant rearing properties and the control
in the transit of the aviary bed that appears in the documentation the purpose of use of this byproduct.2018-01-01T00:00:00Z