DSpace Communidade:https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18932026-07-05T14:39:19Z2026-07-05T14:39:19Z(RE)Significação da velhice no cenário neoliberal: direito ou um fardo social?https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/62372026-07-01T18:16:24Z2025-08-12T00:00:00ZTítulo: (RE)Significação da velhice no cenário neoliberal: direito ou um fardo social?
Abstact: The present study primarily aims to analyze the implications of the Social Assistance Policy for
old age, considering the living conditions of elderly people residing in the Itaqui-Bacanga
Region who are served by the CRAS Anjo da Guarda. Based on the method of historicaldialectical
materialism, the study starts from the conception of old age and aging as a social
category that is not limited to biological factors but is influenced by various determinants that
shape a given social reality. Using the sociability of capital as a reference, it is discussed that
the stages of human life come to be interpreted from a productivist perspective, in which the
value of the individual is defined according to their ability to meet the demands of capital. Thus,
those who lose this utility suffer from exclusion and marginalization processes generated by this
system, as is the case with elderly people, which creates the need for mechanisms aimed at
protecting this stage of life. In Brazil, specifically, protection systems aimed at this population
only began to be incorporated more comprehensively with the Federal Constitution of 1988,
which recognizes the rights of the elderly, including the right to Social Assistance. However, it
is argued that the consolidation of this right as a public policy takes place in an adverse context,
marked by the advance of the neoliberal project, which has implications for its implementation
and, consequently, for the lives of its users. This perspective is analyzed through the specificities
of the elderly people assisted by the CRAS Anjo da Guarda, one of the PAS units in the Itaqui-
Bacanga Region, where the field research was conducted. The study showed that, despite the
significant impacts of this policy on the social, physical, and emotional development of elderly
people, there are also difficulties in the delivery of services, related to the reduction of State
action in social areas. This reveals that, often, investment in this field is seen as a cost, which
reflects the socially constructed meaning attributed to old age.2025-08-12T00:00:00ZOrganização e resistência na luta dos trabalhadores rurais da Comunidade do Cajueiro, em face do processo de implantação do TUP/Porto São Luís-MAhttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/60612026-04-24T18:17:25Z2022-03-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Organização e resistência na luta dos trabalhadores rurais da Comunidade do Cajueiro, em face do processo de implantação do TUP/Porto São Luís-MA
Abstact: This dissertation presents a reflection and analysis on industrial development projects
in the Cajueiro community located in the Rural Zone II of São Luís, Maranhão,
highlighting changes in the territorial dynamics of the community under study, as well
as discussing the organization and resistance of this community in the face of actions
of developmental projects. Specifically, it has been shown that this century-old
community lives essentially from extractivism, agriculture and the creation of small
animals and, since 2014, it has been experiencing a socio-territorial struggle and a
great confrontation on the part of its workers against the installation of the TUP Porto
São Luís, represented by the company WPR São Luís Gestão de Portos e Terminais
and the chinese company China Communications Construction Company. It was also
highlighted the installation of industrial projects under the dynamics of capital and its
implications in disputes over land. The logic of capital in peripheral countries and the
development policy in Brazil were contextualized from the 1950s to the 1980s, focusing
on the role of the State and the market in relation to these policies. The action of
industrial projects was addressed, as well as the port expansion in the Cajueiro
community, from projects financed by federal and transnational funds that disregard
the way of life and cultural diversity, in addition to the right of these workers to land.
Changes in the way of life and working conditions of rural workers in the Cajueiro
community were also analyzed in view of the prospect of implementing the private port.
The discussion focused on the organization and resistance of rural workers in Brazil,
highlighting the forms of expression of working-class consciousness. Finally, the
struggle of the Cajueiro community in its political consciousness movements was
analyzed, highlighting its organizational and resistance forms and strategies in the
struggle for land as a condition for survival. There is, political organization in this
context is the expression of workers in the face of the conflict generated by capital.
This study is based on the historical-dialectical materialist method, having as reference
the bibliographic and documental research, to understand the central categories and
their implications in the concrete reality, precisely in the Cajueiro community2022-03-30T00:00:00ZPolíticas públicas de fomento à agricultura familiar: uma análise nos povoados de Pindoba e Iguaíba em Paço do Lumiar-MAhttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/57302025-12-23T13:58:03Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Políticas públicas de fomento à agricultura familiar: uma análise nos povoados de Pindoba e Iguaíba em Paço do Lumiar-MA
Abstact: This dissertation aims to highlight the relevance of family farming over time and its role in
reducing food insecurity, as well as the importance of public policies to encourage family
farming. The work promotes an analysis of public policies to promote family farming in the
villages of Pindoba and Iguaíba, located in the municipality of Paço do Lumiar-MA. The
research started from the following problem: what is the role of public policies to promote
family farming in the socioeconomic development of the municipality of Paço do Lumiar-MA?
The investigation covered programs that encourage family farming were executed in the
municipality in the period from 2017 to 2022. It was surveyed which benefits of support and
productive social inclusion family farmers had access to and which projects were executed.
During the conduction of the studies, the dialectical method was used, and data collection took
place through research techniques involving interviews conducted with the application of a
questionnaire with open and closed questions. The programs implemented in Paço do Lumiar
to which farmers had access are the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE),
Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), Programa de Fortalecimento Agricultura Familiar
(PRONAF) and Programa de Compras da Agricultura Familiar (PROCAF). These programs
have helped local producers in subsistence, in the sustenance of their families and in the
production, marketing and generation of income. Because 80% of respondents have access to
programs such as PRONAF and PROCAF, while 43% have access to lines of credit. Therefore,
a large majority subsists on the value they receive from programs where they participate by
supplying products and making products. In the perception of all the interviewees, the programs
to promote family farming have had a positive impact on their lives, both economically and
socially. With the conclusion of the research, it was possible to verify that the policies of
strengthening family agriculture have contributed to the incentive to local producers in the
production and commercialization of agricultural inputs, as well as the guarantee of food
security2023-01-01T00:00:00ZGestão ambiental em resíduos sólidos urbanos: análise sobre a situação no município de São Bento – MAhttps://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/56932025-12-16T13:13:19Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Gestão ambiental em resíduos sólidos urbanos: análise sobre a situação no município de São Bento – MA
Abstact: Brazil neglects the treatment and disposal of solid waste produced in its territory. Waste
generation is growing as the population and consumption increase, directly impacting the
environment and public health. In Brazil, according to the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS),
Law No. 12.305/10, dumps should have been extinguished and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
should only be sent to landfills. Municipalities are responsible for ensuring public cleaning
services, including the collection and final disposal of MSW. It is in this context that this
research is justified. The need is to investigate the efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste
Management in the municipality of São Bento, located in the state of Maranhão. In this scenario,
the question that guides the research is: How does the municipality manage MSW? The general
objective was to analyze the implementation and practices adopted in relation to the national
solid waste policy in the municipality of São Bento - Maranhão. As a methodology, data was
collected by analyzing documents and available legislation, interviews with municipal
representatives responsible for MSW management and primary data collection in the field.
Bibliographic research improved the theoretical basis of the study, dealing with aspects related
to sustainability and solid waste management. Documentary research looked at solid waste
regulations, identifying the public policies that have already been adopted and evaluating their
efficiency in waste management, as well as making it possible to compare environmental
regulations relating to solid waste at federal, state and municipal level, and the obligation of
public authorities to implement them. The field research used a questionnaire to members of
the municipal administration responsible for the management and correct disposal of MSW,
using the SWOT technique to assess the strengths and weaknesses of management, as well as
visits with photographic records of public places where waste is disposed of. Therefore, getting
to know the actions being carried out by the municipal government, the challenges faced in
solid waste management, shed light on what is being done and developed in this municipality.
The results show that in the municipality of São Bento, federal legislation on solid waste is not
being implemented according to national guidelines. These findings show that there is a
pressing need to systematize and speed up the process of compliance with this legislation,
highlighting the urgency of corrective measures2024-01-01T00:00:00Z